Students tend to enjoy learning and perform better when they are more intrinsically than extrinsically motivated to achieve.Students' self-regulation assists learning, and self-regulatory skills can be taught.Clear, explanatory and timely feedback to students is important for learning.Acquiring long-term knowledge and skill is largely dependent on practice.Learning is based on context, so generalizing learning to new contexts is not spontaneous but instead needs to be facilitated.Students' cognitive development and learning are not limited by general stages of development.What students already know affects their learning. Students' beliefs or perceptions about intelligence and ability affect their cognitive functioning and learning.The APA-supported Coalition for Psychology in Schools and Education has condensed the most important psychological science on PreK–12 teaching and learning into 20 principles:
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